| Gene Name | CAPN1 |
| HF Protein Name | Calpain-1 catalytic subunit |
| HF Function | Required for RNA replication of Echovirus 1 |
| Uniprot ID | P07384 |
| Protein Sequence | View Fasta Sequence |
| NCBI Gene ID | 823 |
| Host Factor (HF) Name in Paper | CAPN1 |
| Gene synonyms | CANPL1 |
| Ensemble Gene ID | ENSG00000014216 |
| Ensemble Transcript | ENST00000279247;ENST00000524773;ENST00000527323;ENST00000533129;ENST00000533820 |
| KEGG ID | Go to KEGG Database |
| Gene Ontology ID(s) | GO:0004175, GO:0004198, GO:0005509, GO:0005576, GO:0005739, GO:0005764, GO:0005829, GO:0005886, GO:0005925, GO:0006508, GO:0008284, GO:0016020, GO:0016241, GO:0022617, GO:0032801, GO:0043312, GO:0050790, GO:0060056, GO:0070062, GO:0070268, GO:0097264, GO:1904813, GO:2000310, |
| MINT ID | P07384 |
| STRING | Click to see interaction map |
| GWAS Analysis | Click to see gwas analysis |
| OMIM ID | 114220 |
| PANTHER ID | PTHR10183:SF284 |
| PDB ID(s) | 1ZCM, 2ARY, |
| pfam ID | PF01067, PF13833, PF00648, |
| Drug Bank ID | DB07627, DB04653, DB04276, |
| ChEMBL ID | CHEMBL3891 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| Virus Name | Echovirus 1 |
| Virus Short Name | E-1 |
| Order | Picornavirales |
| Virus Family | Picornaviridae |
| Virus Subfamily | N.A. |
| Genus | Enterovirus |
| Species | Enterovirus B |
| Host | Human, mammals |
| Cell Tropism | The gastrointestinal trac |
| Associated Disease | Common cold |
| Mode of Transmission | Either fecal-oral or respiratory |
| VIPR DB link | https://www.viprbrc.org/brc/home.spg?decorator=picorna |
| ICTV DB link | https://talk.ictvonline.org/ictv-reports/ictv_9th_report/positive-sense-rna-viruses-2011/w/posrna_viruses/234/picornaviridae |
| Virus Host DB link | http://www.genome.jp/virushostdb/view/?virus_lineage=Picornaviridae |
| Paper Title | Calpain 1 and 2 Are Required for RNA Replication of Echovirus 1 |
| Author's Name | Paula Upla, Varpu Marjom aki, Liisa Nissinen, Camilla Nylund, Matti Waris, Timo Hyypi ?a, and Jyrki Heino |
| Journal Name | JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY |
| Pubmed ID | 18032503 |
| Abstract | Calpains are calcium-dependent cysteine proteases that degrade cytoskeletal and cytoplasmic proteins. We have studied the role of calpains in the life cycle of human echovirus 1 (EV1). The calpain inhibitors, including calpeptin, calpain inhibitor 1, and calpain inhibitor 2 as well as calpain 1 and calpain 2 short interfering RNAs, completely blocked EV1 infection in the host cells. The effect of the inhibitors was not specific for EV1, because they also inhibited infection by other picornaviruses, namely, human parechovirus 1 and coxsackievirus B3. The importance of the calpains in EV1 infection also was supported by the fact that EV1 increased calpain activity 3 h postinfection. Confocal microscopy and immunoelectron microscopy showed that the EV1/caveolin-1-positive vesicles also contain calpain 1 and 2. Our results indicate that calpains are not required for virus entry but that they are important at a later stage of infection. Calpain inhibitors blocked the production of EV1 particles after microinjection of EV1 RNA into the cells, and they effectively inhibited the synthesis of viral RNA in the host cells. Thus, both calpain 1 and calpain 2 are essential for the replication of EV1 RNA. |
| Used Model | SAOS, 293 and GMK cells |
| DOI | 10.1128/JVI.01375-07 |
